What is the term for the processes through which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved?

The correct term for the processes through which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved is "Memory." Memory encompasses the entire sequence of storing and recalling information, with three main stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Encoding is the initial process of transforming sensory input into a format that can be stored in the brain. Once the information is encoded, it is stored for varying durations and can be retained over time. Finally, retrieval involves accessing and bringing stored information back into consciousness when needed. This process is essential for learning and experience, as it allows individuals to retain and recall information garnered from their interactions with the environment.

While learning refers to the acquisition of new knowledge or skills through experience, it relies heavily on memory for the retention of that information over time. Cognition encompasses a broader range of mental processes, including thinking, reasoning, and problem-solving, but memory specifically pertains to how information is handled in terms of storage and recall. Perception, on the other hand, relates to the interpretation of sensory information, which precedes the processes of memory, but does not directly involve the encoding, storing, or retrieving of that information. Thus, "Memory" is the most accurate term for the described processes.