What reinforcement schedule is characterized by the delivery of reinforcement following unpredictable time intervals?

The variable-interval schedule is characterized by the delivery of reinforcement after unpredictable time periods. This type of schedule creates a situation where responses are reinforced at random times, which encourages a consistent rate of responding because the individual cannot predict when the next reinforcement will occur.

For instance, if a person is checking their email, they may receive a response at various, unpredictable times. As a result, they continually check their inbox, demonstrating a persistent behavior due to the uncertainty of when the next email will arrive.

This type of reinforcement schedule is particularly effective in maintaining behaviors over the long term because the occasional reward feels more rewarding when it is unexpected. The variability keeps the individual engaged, as they remain motivated to respond, hoping for a positive outcome at any moment.