Which of the following best defines short-term memory?

Short-term memory is best defined as a temporary storage system for information. This type of memory functions to hold a limited amount of information for a brief period, typically around 20 to 30 seconds. It allows individuals to retain information long enough to use it, such as recalling a phone number long enough to dial it. The capacity of short-term memory is often described as being able to hold about seven items, plus or minus two, as proposed by psychologist George Miller.

In contrast, other options refer to different concepts related to memory. A long-lasting memory system relates more to long-term memory, which is designed to store information for extended periods, potentially for a lifetime. The method for encoding sensory information usually pertains to the initial stage of memory formation rather than the storage aspect of short-term memory. Lastly, a detailed visual memory suggests a specific type of memory known as eidetic memory or photographic memory, which is not representative of the general function of short-term memory.