Which term refers specifically to the use of drugs that alter consciousness?

The term that specifically refers to the use of drugs that alter consciousness is "psychoactive substances." These substances can affect the central nervous system and lead to changes in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior. Psychoactive substances include a wide variety of drugs, such as alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and illicit drugs like marijuana and cocaine, as well as prescription medications that can have similar effects.

While recreational drugs, controlled substances, and therapeutic drugs may also impact consciousness, they do not encompass all psychoactive substances. Recreational drugs are mainly associated with non-medical use for pleasure, while controlled substances are those regulated by law due to their potential for abuse or addiction. Therapeutic drugs are typically used to treat specific medical conditions and may not always aim to alter consciousness significantly. Therefore, the broadest and most precise term for these consciousness-altering drugs is indeed psychoactive substances.